Engineering materials library.
Every grade plotted by the properties that decide a part: strength, weight, stiffness, heat and conductivity. Filled points are materials we stock and cut, bend, machine or print in Nampa. Outlined points are reference grades for comparison.
| Material | Xeon processes | Densityg/cm³ | StrengthMPa | Tensile strengthMPa | Young's modulusGPa | Elongation at break% | HardnessHB | Thermal conductivityW/m·K | Thermal expansionµm/m·K | Electrical conductivity% IACS | Melting point°C |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 17-4 PH, H900Stainless steel · Precipitation hardening | Reference | 7.78 | 1,170 | 1,310 | 197 | 10 | 388 | 17.9 | 10.8 | — | 1,404 |
| 303Stainless steel · 300 series · austenitic | Reference | 8 | 240 | 620 | 193 | 50 | — | 16.2 | 17.3 | — | 1,400 |
| 304StockedStainless steel · 300 series · austenitic | Laser cutting · Press brake bending | 8 | 214 | 503 | 193 | 60 | 123 | 16.2 | 17.3 | 2.4 | 1,400 |
| 316StockedStainless steel · 300 series · austenitic | Laser cutting · Press brake bending | 8 | 207 | 517 | 193 | 60 | 149 | 16.3 | 15.9 | 2.3 | 1,375 |
| 430Stainless steel · 400 series · ferritic | Reference | 7.75 | 310 | 517 | 200 | 30 | — | 26.1 | 10.4 | — | 1,425 |
| 1018 cold drawnCarbon & alloy steel · Bar & machining | Reference | 7.87 | 370 | 440 | 205 | 15 | 126 | 51.9 | 11.5 | — | — |
| 1095 spring steel, hardenedStockedCarbon & alloy steel · High-carbon | Laser cutting | 7.85 | ~1,450 | ~1,720 | 203 | — | 480 | 49.8 | 11 | — | — |
| 1100-H14StockedAluminum · 1xxx · pure | Laser cutting · Press brake bending | 2.71 | 97 | 110 | 69 | 9 | 32 | 218 | 23.6 | 59 | 643 |
| 2024-T3Aluminum · 2xxx · Al-Cu | Reference | 2.78 | 345 | 483 | 73 | 18 | 120 | 121 | 23.2 | 30 | 502 |
| 3003-H14Aluminum · 3xxx · Al-Mn | Reference | 2.73 | 145 | 150 | 69 | 8 | 40 | 159 | 23.2 | 41 | 643 |
| 4140 annealedCarbon & alloy steel · Alloy & wear | Reference | 7.85 | 415 | 655 | 205 | 26 | 197 | 42.6 | 12.2 | — | — |
| 5052-H32StockedAluminum · 5xxx · Al-Mg | Laser cutting · Press brake bending · CNC machining | 2.68 | 193 | 228 | 70 | 12 | 60 | 138 | 23.8 | 35 | 607 |
| 6061-T6StockedAluminum · 6xxx · Al-Mg-Si | Laser cutting · Press brake bending · CNC machining | 2.7 | 276 | 310 | 69 | 12 | 95 | 167 | 23.6 | 43 | 582 |
| 7075-T6StockedAluminum · 7xxx · Al-Zn | Laser cutting · CNC machining | 2.81 | 503 | 572 | 72 | 11 | 150 | 130 | 23.6 | 33 | 477 |
| A36 HR pickled & oiledStockedCarbon & alloy steel · Structural | Laser cutting · Press brake bending | 7.85 | 248 | 400–550 | 200 | 23 | 140 | 51.9 | 11.7 | — | 1,495 |
| A36 mill finishStockedCarbon & alloy steel · Structural | Laser cutting · Press brake bending | 7.85 | 248 | 400–550 | 200 | 23 | 140 | 51.9 | 11.7 | — | 1,495 |
| A1008 cold rolledStockedCarbon & alloy steel · Low-carbon sheet | Laser cutting · Press brake bending | 7.87 | 207 | 303 | 200 | 40 | — | 59 | 12.2 | 12 | 1,500 |
| A1008 electro-galvanizedStockedCarbon & alloy steel · Low-carbon sheet | Laser cutting · Press brake bending | 7.87 | 207 | 303 | 200 | 40 | — | 59 | 12.2 | 12 | 1,500 |
| ABSPolymers · Amorphous plastics | Reference | 1.05 | 42 | 44 | 2.3 | 20 | — | 0.17 | 90 | — | — |
| Acetal homopolymer (Delrin)Polymers · Engineering plastics | Reference | 1.42 | 72 | 72 | 3.1 | 30 | — | 0.31 | 110 | — | 178 |
| Acrylic (PMMA)Polymers · Amorphous plastics | Reference | 1.19 | 72 | 72 | 3.1 | 4 | — | 0.19 | 70 | — | — |
| AR500StockedCarbon & alloy steel · Alloy & wear | Laser cutting | 7.85 | 1,379 | 1,724 | 200 | 8 | 500 | — | — | — | — |
| C110 copper, half hardCopper alloys · Copper | Reference | 8.89 | 250 | 290 | 115 | 14 | — | 388 | 17 | 101 | 1,065 |
| C260 cartridge brass, half hardCopper alloys · Brass | Reference | 8.53 | 360 | 420 | 110 | 25 | — | 120 | 20 | 28 | 915 |
| C360 free-cutting brassCopper alloys · Brass | Reference | 8.49 | 310 | 385 | 97 | 20 | — | 115 | 20.5 | 26 | 885 |
| Carbon fiber laminate (quasi-isotropic)Composites · Carbon laminate | Reference | 1.55 | 600 | 600 | 50 | 1.2 | — | — | — | — | — |
| Corten (weathering)StockedCarbon & alloy steel · Structural | Laser cutting · Press brake bending | 7.85 | 345 | 483 | 200 | 21 | — | — | 12 | — | — |
| CP titanium Grade 2Titanium · Commercially pure | Reference | 4.51 | 345 | 480 | 105 | 25 | — | 16.4 | 8.6 | 3.1 | 1,665 |
| G-10 / FR-4 laminateComposites · Glass laminate | Reference | 1.85 | 262 | 262 | 18 | — | — | 0.29 | — | — | — |
| G90 galvanizedStockedCarbon & alloy steel · Low-carbon sheet | Laser cutting · Press brake bending | 7.87 | 228 | 310 | 200 | 30 | — | 59 | 12.2 | — | 1,500 |
| HSLAS Grade 50StockedCarbon & alloy steel · Structural | Laser cutting | 7.85 | 345 | 448 | 200 | 22 | — | — | 12 | — | — |
| Inconel 625, annealedNickel & magnesium · Nickel | Reference | 8.44 | 517 | 930 | 207 | 42 | — | 9.8 | 12.8 | 1.3 | 1,290 |
| Magnesium AZ31B-H24Nickel & magnesium · Magnesium | Reference | 1.77 | 220 | 290 | 45 | 15 | 73 | 96 | 26 | 18.5 | 605 |
| MIC-6 cast plateStockedAluminum · Cast tooling plate | Laser cutting · CNC machining | 2.7 | 103 | 165 | 71 | 3 | 65 | 142 | 23.6 | — | — |
| Nylon 6/6 (dry)Polymers · Engineering plastics | Reference | 1.14 | 83 | 83 | 3.1 | 50 | — | 0.25 | 80 | — | 262 |
| PA-11 (HP MJF)StockedPolymers · MJF nylon | MJF 3D printing | 1.05 | 52 | 52 | 1.8 | 50 | — | — | — | — | 202 |
| PA-12 (HP MJF)StockedPolymers · MJF nylon | MJF 3D printing | 1.01 | 48 | 48 | 1.8 | 20 | — | — | — | — | 187 |
| PA-12 glass bead (HP MJF)StockedPolymers · MJF nylon | MJF 3D printing | 1.3 | 30 | 30 | 2.5 | 10 | — | — | — | — | 186 |
| PEEK (unfilled)Polymers · High-performance plastics | Reference | 1.3 | 98 | 98 | 3.7 | 45 | — | 0.29 | 45 | — | 343 |
| PolycarbonatePolymers · Amorphous plastics | Reference | 1.2 | 62 | 65 | 2.35 | 110 | — | 0.2 | 68 | — | — |
| PTFE (Teflon)Polymers · Fluoropolymers | Reference | 2.17 | 25 | 25 | 0.5 | 300 | — | 0.25 | — | — | 327 |
| Ti-6Al-4V (Grade 5)Titanium · Alpha-beta alloy | Reference | 4.43 | 880 | 950 | 114 | 14 | 334 | 6.7 | 8.6 | 1 | 1,604 |
| TPU (Shore 88A)Polymers · Elastomers | Reference | 1.2 | 35 | 35 | — | 500 | — | — | — | — | — |
| UHMW polyethylenePolymers · Commodity plastics | Reference | 0.93 | 21 | 40 | 0.69 | 350 | — | 0.41 | — | — | 135 |
Families cluster. Choices live in the gaps.
This is an Ashby chart: every grade is a point, and each family's points are wrapped in an envelope.
Materials of one family sit together because their atoms bond the same way — every steel weighs about 7.9 g/cm³ whether it is mild A36 or hardened AR500, so heat treatment and alloying move a grade up the chart, not sideways. To change weight you change family.
Log scales make that readable. Strength runs from about 20 MPa for UHMW to about 1,400 MPa for AR500; on a linear axis everything but the hardened steels would crush against the floor. Toggle Log on either axis to compare.
For sheet metal the strength-vs-density view answers most first questions: how much lighter aluminum makes a part, what stainless costs in weight, and which grades still bend. Open any grade for its full data, or go straight to our stocked sheet catalog.
Density
Mass per volume. Multiply by part volume for weight; divide strength by it for specific strength, the figure that ranks materials for parts that have to be light.
Read the guide → 02 / MPaYield strength
Yield strength for metals: the stress where permanent bending starts. For polymers and composites without a distinct yield point it is tensile strength. It sets springback, press tonnage and how much load a bracket takes before it sets.
Read the guide → 03 / MPaTensile strength
The peak stress before the material necks and breaks. Read against yield, it shows how much reserve and warning a part has before it fails.
Read the guide → 04 / GPaYoung's modulus
Stiffness. A steel panel and an aluminum panel of the same thickness deflect in a ratio of about 3:1, whatever their strength — swap to aluminum and you need roughly 1.44× the thickness for the same stiffness.
Read the guide → 05 / kN·m/kgSpecific strength
Strength divided by density: load carried per kilogram. The number behind every lightweighting claim, and the way to check one.
Read the guide → 06 / %Elongation at break
How far the material stretches before it breaks — a rough guide to bendability. Low-elongation tempers need larger bend radii, and 7075-T6 and AR500 are flat-part materials here.
Read the guide → 07 / HBHardness
Resistance to denting. It predicts wear life and machinability, limits which self-clinching hardware a sheet accepts and, for steel, tracks tensile strength.
Read the guide → 08 / W/m·KThermal conductivity
How fast heat spreads. High conductivity (copper, aluminum) pulls heat away from a laser cut or a weld; low conductivity (stainless, titanium) keeps it local, which is why stainless discolours and distorts more.
Read the guide → 09 / µm/m·KThermal expansion
Growth per degree of temperature change. Mismatched expansion between bonded parts, or across a weld, is what drives warping and loosened fasteners.
Read the guide → 10 / % IACSElectrical conductivity
Current flow, as a percentage of annealed copper. It sizes bus bars and ground paths and doubles as a check on aluminum heat treatment.
Read the guide → 11 / °CMelting point
Solidus for alloys, Tm for semi-crystalline plastics. It bounds every hot process, though strength fades long before a part reaches it.
Read the guide →Typical values, not allowables.
Strength and density for the grades we stock match the figures on our material pages. Everything else is a typical handbook value from ASM data and producer datasheets, and the MJF nylons use HP's published values for XY-built parts.
Real material varies by temper, thickness, mill and lot. Use these values to choose a material, then design to the specification minimums. We supply mill test reports on request for stocked material.